P38 Delta/MAPK13 cDNA ORF Clone, Mouse, N-GFPSpark® tag

The p38 family of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) includes p38 alpha (SAPK2a, CSBP), p38 beta (SAPK2b), p38 delta (SAPK4), and p38 gamma (SAPK3/ERK6). p38 alpha and p38 beta are widely expressed p38 isoforms that are involved in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, development, and stress response. p38 delta, also known as MAPK13, is a regulator of differentiation-dependent gene expression in keratinocytes and has been a regulator of surface epithelial differentiation and apoptosis. p38 delta protein is upregulated in Cholangiocarcinoma (CC) relative to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and normal biliary tract tissues. p38 delta is important for motility and invasion of CC cells, suggesting that p38 delta may play an important role in CC metastasis. p38 delta is expressed in the epidermis, suggesting a role for p38 delta in regulating differentiation. p38 delta is the major p38 isoform driving suprabasal involucrin gene expression and that p38 delta directly regulates ERK1/2 activity via the formation of a p38 delta-ERK1/2 complex. Recent emerging evidence suggests that the p38 stress MAPK pathway may function as a tumor suppressor through regulating Ras-dependent and -independent proliferation, transformation, invasion, and cell death by isoform-specific mechanisms. p38 delta has an important role in promoting cell proliferation and tumor development in the epidermis and may have therapeutic implications for skin cancer.

mitogen-activated protein kinase 13

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  VEGF Signaling Pathway
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  IL1 signaling pathway
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  IL17 signaling pathway

• Efimova T, et al. (2003) A regulatory role for p38 delta MAPK in keratinocyte differentiation. Evidence for p38 delta-ERK1/2 complex formation. J Biol Chem. 278(36): 34277-85.
• Eckert RL, et al. (2003) p38 Mitogen-activated protein kinases on the body surface--a function for p38 delta. J Invest Dermatol. 120(5): 823-8.
• Loesch M, et al. (2008) The p38 MAPK stress pathway as a tumor suppressor or more? Front Biosci. 13: 3581-93.
• Schindler EM, et al. (2009) p38delta Mitogen-activated protein kinase is essential for skin tumor development in mice. Cancer Res. 69(11): 4648-55.
• Tan FL, et al. (2010) p38delta/MAPK13 as a diagnostic marker for cholangiocarcinoma and its involvement in cell motility and invasion. Int J Cancer. 126(10): 2353-61.